rice, which has shown no growth over the past decade. Western Europe purchases mostly long-grain brown rice from the United States, which western Europe fully mills and then ships to markets in the region. The United States continues to lose market share in this region, mostly because of strong competition from Asian suppliers (particularly Thailand and India, as well as because of shipments from South American exporters). The Middle East (with Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates the biggest buyers) is currently the third-largest global rice import market. This market is strictly a medium- and short-grain milled- and brown-rice market for the United States, and accounts for about 60 percent of U.S. shipments to East Asia go to Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, with all of these annual purchases made under World Trade Organization agreements. East Asia is now the second largest rice importing region, with China the largest buyer. food aid shipments of rice, while commercial purchases of U.S. Sub-Saharan Africa is the largest destination for U.S. imports are supplied by low-priced Asian exporters. The largest rice-importing region in the world is Sub-Saharan Africa, but the bulk of U.S. Overall, the United States exports around 45 percent of its rice crop each year-mostly to Mexico, Central America, South America, the Caribbean, Northeast Asia, and the Middle East, as well as shipping smaller volumes to Canada, the European Union, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Cambodia regularly supplies rough rice to neighboring Vietnam. The Latin American exporters ship rough rice, but only within the region. The other major exporters (India, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistan, China, and Burma) restrict rough-rice shipments to protect their domestic milling industries. The United States is the only major exporter that allows rough-rice exports. rice exports (on a rough-rice basis), with Latin America the primary market. Rough rice now accounts for around 35 percent of U.S. rice exports include rough or unmilled rice, parboiled rice, brown rice, and fully milled rice. The United States takes mostly aromatic rice from Asia, as well as smaller quantities of medium- and short-grain rice from Asia and (more recently) 20,000-30,000 of long-grain milled-rice from South America. The United States is currently the largest rice importing country in the Western Hemisphere, currently importing around 1.3 million tons. rice industry, with around 45 percent of the crop going into the global market. The United States is regarded as a consistent, reliable, and timely supplier of high-quality rice in both the long- and combined medium- and short-grain global markets. Although the United States produces less than 2 percent of the world's rice, it is a major exporter, accounting for almost 5 percent of the annual volume of global rice trade.
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